PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL INFLUENCER TERHADAP ESTIM KENDIRI PELAJAR REMAJA [INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER ON ADOLESCENT STUDENTS’ SELF-ESTEEM]
Keywords:
Media sosial, influencer, estim kendiri, pelajar remaja, Social media, influencer, self esteem, adolescent studentsAbstract
Abstrak: Pada abad ke 21 ini, penggunaan media sosial menjadi semakin popular dalam kalangan masyarakat tanpa mengira umur, bangsa atau negara. Negara yang mempunyai teknologi yang maju boleh dilihat melalui pesatnya pembangunan industri komunikasi dan maklumatnya. Laman media sosial yang kerap dikunjungi seperti “Facebook”, “Instagram”, “Youtube”, “Twitter”, “Tiktok” dan sebagainya mendapat perhatian serta menjadi tumpuan pelbagai lapisan masyarakat terutamanya, pelajar remaja yang masih berada di bangku sekolah. Peningkatan penggunaan media sosial ini menyebabkan pelajar remaja terdedah dengan ramai pengguna media sosial yang lain terutamanya orang yang berpengaruh dalam media sosial yang dikenali sebagai “influencer”. Fenomena ini akan mempengaruhi estim kendiri seseorang remaja. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan pengaruh media sosial influencer terhadap estim kendiri pelajar remaja. Kajian ini berfokuskan kepada 251 pelajar remaja yang berada dalam lingkungan umur 15 hingga 18 tahun. Kajian ini adalah kajian tinjauan yang menggunakan soal selidik atas talian iaitu Google Form dalam mengumpul data daripada pelajar remaja. Terdapat tiga bahagian dalam soal selidik ini, antaranya ialah latar belakang responden, media sosial influencer dan estim kendiri. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendedahan media sosial influencer dan estim kendiri pelajar remaja. Kesimpulannya, dapatan kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa pendedahan kepada media sosial influencer yang tinggi tidak mendatangkan impak negatif dari segi tahap estim kendiri pelajar remaja. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan kesedaran pelbagai pihak dalam menangani masalah penggunaan media sosial dengan estim kendiri pelajar remaja. Cadangan untuk kajian yang seterusnya boleh mendalami rakan sebaya atau rakan media sosial remaja dalam mempengaruhi gaya, pendapat, persepsi serta estim kendiri pelajar remaja.
Abstract: In this 21st century, the usage of media sosial has become increasingly popular among society in all walks of life. The advancement in technology of a country can be observed by the rapid development in information and communication industry. Social media websites that are mostly accessed such as Facebook, Instagram, youtube, Twitter, Tiktok and more have attracted people of different ages especially adolescents. The increase use of social media has led to adolescents to be exposed to various social media users specifically social media influencers. This phenomenon could influence self esteem of an adolescent. Therefore, this article is to discuss the influence of social media influencer on self esteem of adolescent students. This study focuses on 251 adolescent students age 15 to 18 years old. This is a survey study using online questionnaire via Google Form to collect data from adolescent students. There are 3 main parts of the questionnaire, respondent’s background, social media influencer and self esteem. Results showed there is no significant difference between social media influencer exposure and self esteem of adolescent students. In conclusion, the result of the study has proven that high exposure of social media influencer does not give negative impact on adolescent students’ self esteem. It is recommended to conduct future studies on peers and social media friends as influencers in influencing style, opinion, perspective and self esteem of adolescent students
References
Ahmad Sunawari Long. (2009). Pengenalan Metodologi Penyelidikan Pengajian Islam. Bangi: Penerbit Jabatan Usuluddin dan Falsafah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Anisa, Yulastri & Rani (2020) Faktor Sosial Dengan Self Esteem (Estim kendiri) pada Remaja Dipanti Asuhan. Jurnal Kebidanan Vol 6, No1, januari 2020: 48-56
Anuar, N.I.M., Mahdi, N.M.N., Hashim, N.A.A.N., Mohamad, S.R., Zainuddin, S.A., Azmi, N.F., & Zulkiffli, W.F.W. (2020). The Barriers towards the Adoption of E-Wallet Payment System. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 13(11), 3772-3777.
Anushree Tandon, Amandeep Dhir & Matti Mantymaki (2020). Jealousy due to social media? A systematic literature review and framework of social media-induced jealousy.
Betul Keles , Niall McCrae & Annmarie Grealish (2020) A systematic
review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents, International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25:1, 79-93, DOI:
Bill Gillham (2000) Developing a Questionnaire. Continuum International Publishing Group 10.1080/02673843.2019.1590851
Che Anuar (2018). Kecenderungan tingkah laku seks berisiko remaja dengan komunikasi seksualiti dalam keluarga, pengaruh rakan sebaya, efikasi dan estim kendiri. Fakulti Pembanguanan Manusia, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Chen, Y. (2016). The rise of ‘micro-influencers’ on Instagram. Retrieved from https://digiday.com/marketing/micro-influencers/
Chung-Tzer Liu & Yi Maggi Guo (2017) The Role of Sense of Belonging in Social Media Usage : A Tale of Two Types of Users. Asia Pasific Journal of Information Systems. ISSN 2288-5404
Clara Moningka & Ratih Eminiar Permatasari (2020) The Effect of Self-Comparison in Social Media on Self-Esteem. Join Proceedings of the #rd International Conference in Intervention and Applied Psychology.
Daniel G. Lannin, Jacqueline Bible, Peter R. Harris, Luke T. Russell, Jordan A. Arellanes, Ani Yazedjian (2021) How is spontaneous self-affirmation linked to self-esteem? A cross-lagged examination, Journal of Research in Personality,Volume 92,2021,104091,ISSN 0092-6566.
Elli, D. M. (2017). The phenomenon and rise of influencer marketing and how it affect customer opinion and helps or damages brands [Doctoral dissertation, International Hellenic University].
Elisa Bergagna & Stefano (2018) Self-Esteem, Social Comparison and Facebook Use. Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. Journal of Psychology.
Faradilla Umaira Malik (2019) Analisis Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Estim kendiri Remaja di Fakultas Psikologi Universiti Medan Area. Fakulti Psikologi Universitas Medan Area, Universiti Medan Area.
Ghoreishii, B., Khaleghi Esfahani, M., Alizadeh Lushabi, N., Amini, O., Aghamolaie, I., Hashim, N. A. A. N., & Alizadeh, S. M. S. (2020). Assessment of Geotechnical
Hanna Ezzat (2020) Social Media Influencers and The Online Indentity of Egyptian Youth. Catalan Journal of Communication & Cultural Studies Volume 12 Number 1
Ismail Sulaiman (2019) Ketagihan media sosial sudah serius . Sinar Harian bertarikh 03 November 2019 https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/55317/KOLUMNIS/Ketagihan-media-sosial-sudah-serius
Jianhua Zhou, Xiaoyu Li, Lili Tian & E.Scott Huebner (2018). Longitudinal association between low self-esteem and depression in early adolescents : The role of rejection sensitivity and loneliness Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice / Volume 93, Issue 1 / p.54-71
Judyta et al. (2020). We are in this together : Retrospective Parentification, Sibling Relationships and Self-Esteem. Journal of Child and Family Studies (2020) 29: 2982-2991
Monica Utari (2017) Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram Akun @princessyahrini Terhadap Gaya Hidup Hedonis Para Followersnya. Jurusan Ilmu Komuniksi Fakultas Ilmu Social dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau.
Muaz et al, (2021) Strategi Komunikasi Efektif Pengguna Facebook Berpengaruh (Facebook Influencer) Dalam Membentuk Budaya Kedermawan di Malaysia Azka International Journal of Zakat&Social Finance Vol 2 No.1 (2021).
Nadziroh Saad (2018) Teknologi Dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran
Naufal Mafazi, Fathul Lubabin Nuqul 2017 Perilaku Virtual Remaja: Strategi Coping, Estim kendiri, Dan Pengungkapan Diri Dalamjejaring Sosial Online Jurnal Psikologi Vol 16 No. 2 Oktober 2017, 128-137
Nurhamizah & Asbah (2019) Teknologi dan Media Sosial dalam Komunikasi Ibu bapa dan Anak-anak. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal or Communication Jilid 35(4) 2029:337-352
Nicola Boyd (2019). Investigating the Assosiation Between Social Media Influencers, Personality, Body-Esteem and Self-Esteem. National College of Ireland
Nguyen Dat Tan et. al. (2019). Low self-esteem and its association with anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in Vietnamese secondary school students: A cross-sectional study. Systematic Approaches to Mental Health Care and Promotion.
Perkovich, A. C. (2021). The impact of social media on teenage females’ self-esteem [Master’s alternative plan paper, Minnesota State University, Mankato]. Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Rachel (2019) Micro Influencers Insider https://www.businessinsider.com/brands-turning-to-micro-influencers-instead-of-instagram-stars-2019-4
Rosli, Tasnim; Muniandy, Yogenathan; Jasmi, Kamarul Azmi (2019). “Media Sosial dan Impak Tingkah Laku Menurut Islam” in Jasmi, Kamarul Azmi (Ed.), Prosiding Seminar Sains Teknologi dan Manusia 2019 (SSTM’19) pada 15hb. Disember 2019 di DP3, N29, Fakulti Kejuteraan Kimia dan Tenaga, UTM. Program anjuran Akademi Tamadun Islam, FSSK, UTM, p. 115-130. (6) (PDF) Media Sosial dan Impak Tingkah Laku Menurut Islam.
Sari Anjani, Irwansyah Irwansyah (2020). Peranan Influencer Dalam Mengkomunikasikan Pesan Di Media Sosial Instagram [The Role Of Social Media Influencers In Communicating Messages Using Instagram].
Shahrul Nazmi Sannusi & Normah Mustaffa. (2015). Akhbar versi digital: Implikasi terhadap trend sirkulasi akhbar bercetak di Malaysia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 31(2), 687-701.
Shultonnyck et al (2020) Pengaruh Sosial Media Influencer Terhadap Pengaruh Minat Kerja Antara Brand. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research. Vol 1. No 1: June 2020 e-ISSN: 2722-8878
Siddiqui, S., & Singh, T. (2017). Social media its impact with positive and negative aspects. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research, 5(2), 71-75.
Silje Steinsbekk, Lars Wichstrøm, Frode Stenseng, Jacqueline Nesi, Beate Wold Hygen, Věra Skalická, The impact of social media use on appearance self-esteem from childhood to adolescence – A 3-wave community study,Computers in Human Behavior,Volume 114,2021,106528,ISSN 0747-5632
Siti Ezaleila Mustafa (2016) Penggunaan Laman Sosial dan Impaknya Terhadap Hubungan Persahabatan Dalam Talian. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication Jilid 32 (2) 2016: 65-81
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM) 2020 Kajian Penggunaan Internet https://www.mcmc.gov.my/ms/resources/statistics/internet-users-survey#
Strand, Diana, "Social Media and Self-esteem Small Group for Adolescent Girls" (2021). Dissertations, Theses, and Projects. 511. https://red.mnstate.edu/thesis/511
Willis Srisayekti & David A. Setiady (2015) Harga-diri (Self Esteem) Terancam dan Perilaku Menghindar, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung Indonesia.
