TINJAUAN LITERATUR BERSISTEMATIK – IMPLIKASI STRATEGI DAYA TINDAK DALAM BURNOUT, TEKANAN KERJA, DAN EFIKASI KENDIRI DALAM KALANGAN GURU [IMPLICATIONS OF COPING STRATEGIES IN BURNOUT, STRESS, AND SELF EFICACY AMONG TEACHER - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW STUDY]
Keywords:
guru, burnout, tekanan guru, efikasi kendiri guru, strategi daya tindak, teachers, burnout, work stress level, teacher self-efficacy, coping strategyAbstract
Abstrak: Profesion perguruan merupakan salah satu kerjaya yang amat mencabar dan membebankan. Masalah tekanan dalam kerja telah menyebabkan fenomena burnout kerap berlaku dalam kalangan guru. Sekiranya masalah tekanan dan burnout tidak ditangani dengan baik, maka ia akan menjejaskan efikasi kendiri guru tersebut. Oleh itu, penggunaan daya tindak yang baik merupakan elemen yang penting dan perlu ditekankan oleh para guru untuk mengendalikan masalah tekanan kerja. Kajian ini mengguna pakai kaedah kajian berupa Tinjauan Literatur Bersistematik yang bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti implikasi strategi daya tindak bagi menghadapi masalah burnout, tekanan kerja dan kaitannya dengan efikasi kendiri seorang guru. 15 artikel dari luar negara telah dipilih melalui prosedur PRISMA. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian tinjauan literatur bersistematik yang telah dijalankan, dirumuskan bahawa strategi daya tindak memainkan peranan penting bagi menghadapi masalah tekanan pekerjaan. Oleh itu, strategi daya tindak yang positif sangat diperlukan bukan sahaja bagi menangani risiko burnout dan tekanan kerja dengan lebih baik bahkan juga dapat membantu meningkatkan efikasi kendiri guru tersebut. Sebaliknya, penggunaan strategi daya tindak yang negatif pula akan meningkatkan risiko burnout dan tekanan kerja serta mengurangkan lagi efikasi kendiri para guru. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesedaran para pendidik dalam pemilihan strategi daya tindak yang berkesan bagi menangani masalah burnout semasa bekerja.
Abstract: The teaching profession is one of the most challenging and stressful career. The stress at work has caused the phenomenon of burnout to occur frequently among teachers. If the problem of stress and burnout is not addressed properly, it will even affect the self-efficacy of teachers. Therefore, the use of coping strategies is an important element and should be emphasized by teachers to handle job problems. This study has used a systematic literature review research method that aims to identify the implications of coping strategies in burnout, work stress and teacher self-efficacy. 15 articles from abroad were selected through the PRISMA procedure. Based on the findings of this systematic literature review, it can be concluded that coping strategies play an important role when dealing with job stress, burnout and teacher self-efficacy. The use of positive coping strategies can not only reduce the risk of burnout, work stress levels, but can also increase teachers' self-efficacy. On the other hand, the use of negative coping strategies will increase the risk of burnout and work stress levels as well as reduce teachers' self-efficacy. This study is expected to increase the awareness of educators in the selection of effective coping strategies.
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