MASALAH MURID DISLEKSIA DAN GAYA PENGAJARAN GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB [PROBLEMS OF DYSLEXIA STUDENTS AND TEACHINGS STYLE FOR LEARNING OF ARABIC LANGUAGE]

Authors

  • Nur Syamira Mohamad Nor Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Harun Baharuddin Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Keywords:

Masalah Pembelajaran, Gaya Pembelajaran, Membaca, Menulis, Disleksia, Bahasa Arab, Learning Problems, Learning Styles, Reading, Writing, Dyslexia, Arabic

Abstract

Abstrak: Disleksia merupakan satu gejala yang berkait rapat dengan bahasa khususnya mengenai kesedaran fonem. Murid disleksia akan mengalami masalah apabila berhadapan dengan dua jenis fitur huruf yang kompleks iaitu dalam bahasa pertama (ibunda) dan bahasa kedua. Hal ini kerana, dalam bahasa Arab, terdapat beberapa bentuk konsonan yang hampir sama seperti huruf ب,ت،ث، dan ط, ت, ة yang akan menyebabkan murid disleksia mengalami kekeliruan. Maka, kajian ini bertujuan meneroka masalah dan tindak balas murid disleksia semasa proses membaca dan menulis perkataan dalam bahasa Arab. Selain itu, tujuan kajian ini juga adalah untuk mengenal pasti gaya pengajaran yang digunakan oleh guru Bahasa Arab dalam berhadapan dengan murid disleksia semasa proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran berlangsung. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan kaedah temubual separa berstruktur. Dua orang peserta terlibat dalam kajian ini yang terdiri daripada seorang guru Bahasa Arab dan seorang murid disleksia.  Dua jenis set soalan yang terdiri daripada lapan soalan yang berbeza digunakan untuk menjawab kedua-dua persoalan kajian. Temubual dijalankan sebanyak tiga kali dan beberapa tema dibina melalui transkrip temubual. Seterusnya, data dianalisis secara deskriptif mengikut pengkategorian tema tersebut. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat lima masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh murid disleksia iaitu masalah dalam kemahiran menulis, masalah dalam membaca perkataan yang sukar dan tidak dikenali, masalah pengecaman bunyi huruf yang betul dan hampir sama, masalah pengecaman bentuk huruf yang hampir sama dan berlaku penambahan huruf yang tidak perlu semasa menulis. Tambahan pula, gaya yang digunakan oleh guru tersebut semasa sesi pengajaran ialah mementingkan kefahaman makna berbanding menghafaz kosa kata, menggunakan kaedah ‘fun learning’ seperti nyanyian, permainan dan aktiviti serta penggunaan gaya ‘kerap bertanya’. Kesimpulannya, murid yang mengalami disleksia bukannya seorang yang lemah dan tidak boleh berjaya, namun, mereka memerlukan sokongan dan gaya pembelajaran yang sesuai supaya mereka dapat memahami Bahasa Arab dengan baik.

Abstract: Dyslexia is a symptom that is closely related to language especially regarding phoneme awareness. A dyslexia student will have problems when faced with two types of complex letter features, namely in the first language (mother tongue) and the second language. This is because, in Arabic, there are several forms of consonants that are very similar such as the letters ب, ت ، ث ،  and ط, ت, ة that will cause dyslexic students to experience confusion. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the problems and responses of dyslexia students during the process of reading and writing words in Arabic. In addition, the purpose of this study is also to identify the style used by Arabic teachers in dealing with dyslexia students during the teaching and learning process. This study is a descriptive qualitative study that uses a semi -structured interview method for two study participants consisting of an Arabic teacher and a dyslexia student. Two types of question sets consisting of eight different questions were used to answer the two research questions. Interviews were conducted three times and several themes were constructed through interview transcripts. The data were analyzed descriptively according to the categorization of the theme. The results of the study found that there are five main problems faced by dyslexia students which is problems in writing skills, problems in reading difficult and unfamiliar words, problems in recognizing the sound of letters that are correct and almost the same, problems in recognizing the shape of letters that are almost the same and unnecessary addition of letters while writing. In addition, the style used by the teacher during the teaching session is to emphasize the understanding of meaning rather than memorizing vocabulary, using ‘fun learning’ methods such as singing, games and activities as well as the use of ‘frequently asked questions’ style. In conclusion, students with dyslexia are not a weak person and cannot succeed, however, they need appropriate support and style so that they can understand Arabic very well.

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Published

2021-06-30