PERANAN IBU BAPA DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA DIGITAL: RELEVANSI PENDEKATAN AL-GHAZALI DAN ABDULLAH NASIH ULWAN [THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE: THE RELEVANVE OF THE APPROACHES OF AL-GHAZALI AND ABDULLAH NASIH ULWAN]
Keywords:
Keibubapaan Islam, era digital, al-Ghazali, Abdullah Nasih Ulwan, pendidikan anak, nilai Islam, model integrasi, Islamic parenting, digital era, al-Ghazali, Abdullah Nasih Ulwan, children's education, Islamic values, integration modelAbstract
Abstrak: Era digital telah membawa perubahan yang ketara dalam struktur sosial, komunikasi keluarga, dan pola keibubapaan. Dalam konteks masyarakat Islam, cabaran keibubapaan menjadi semakin kompleks apabila ibu bapa harus mendepani pengaruh teknologi maklumat dan media digital yang meresap ke dalam kehidupan anak-anak sejak usia awal. Artikel ini membincangkan integrasi pemikiran al-Ghazali dan Abdullah Nasih Ulwan dalam membentuk kerangka keibubapaan Islam yang relevan dalam era digital. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbentuk kajian konseptual, kajian ini menganalisis prinsip-prinsip kerohanian, pendidikan akhlak, serta sistem tarbiyah Islam yang diketengahkan oleh kedua-dua tokoh. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan klasik ini masih sangat signifikan apabila disesuaikan dengan cabaran digital semasa seperti ketagihan skrin, krisis identiti dan keruntuhan moral anak-anak. Model integratif yang dicadangkan menggabungkan unsur tazkiyatun nafs, muraqabah, pendidikan melalui teladan, serta penggunaan teknologi secara beretika untuk membentuk karakter Muslim digital yang seimbang dari sudut rohani dan intelek. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar model ini diuji secara empirikal melalui modul latihan keibubapaan digital Islam dan disesuaikan mengikut konteks budaya semasa.
Abstract: The digital age has brought significant changes in social structures, family communication, and parenting patterns. In the context of the Muslim society, the challenges of parenting become increasingly complex when parents have to face the influence of information technology and digital media that permeate their children's lives from an early age. This article discusses the integration of the thoughts of al-Ghazali and Abdullah Nasih Ulwan in constructing a relevant Islamic parenting framework for the digital age. Using a qualitative conceptual study design, this research analyses spiritual principles, moral education, and the systematic Islamic pedagogical approach championed by both scholars. The findings indicate that these classical approaches remain highly significant when adapted to modern digital challenges such as screen addiction, identity crisis, and the moral decline of children. The proposed integrative model combines elements of tazkiyatun nafs, muraqabah, role-model parenting, and ethical technology use to shape a balanced digital Muslim character in both spiritual and intellectual aspects. This study recommends that the model be empirically tested through digital Islamic parenting training modules and adapted to diverse cultural contexts.
References
Abdullah, R., Yusof, N., & Wahab, N. A. 2023. Islamic Parenting Values and Digital Challenges. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 31(1): 41–58.
Ahmad, M. K., Othman, N., & Hashim, H. 2021. Parenting in the Digital Age: Challenges for Muslim Families in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Family Studies, 6(1): 12–25.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. 2011. The Nature of Man and the Psychology of the Human Soul. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC.
Arsyad, J., Hanum, A., Pasaribu, T. 2023. ATeacher Competence In The Book of Tarbiyatul Awlad Fii Islam By Abdullah Nashih Ulwan. Tadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 9(1): 16-34.
Auda, J. 2008. Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: IIIT.
Badruttamam. 2022. Analisa Kitab Ihya’ Ulumuddin Perspektif Pemikiran Islam. Spiritualita: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Psikoterapi Islam, 6(2): 98-108.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research In Psychology, 3(2): 77-101.
Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. 2014. The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies. WW Norton & company.
Bukhari, B., Bastiar, B., & Anwar, A. 2024. Challenges of Parenting in the Digital Era: A Review from the Perspective of Islamic Family Law. Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Perundang-Undangan, 11(2): 357-370.
Cazan AM, David LT, Truța C, Maican CI, Henter R, Năstasă LE, Nummela N, Vesterinen O, Rosnes AM, Tungland T, Gudevold E, Digernes M, Unz D & Witter S, Pavalache-Ilie M. 2024. Technostress and time spent online. A cross-cultural comparison for teachers and students. Front Psychol. Jul 10;15:1377200.
Clarke, V., & Braun, V. 2017. Thematic Analysis. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3): 297–298.
Demaria F, Pontillo M, Di Vincenzo C, Bellantoni D & Pretelli I, Vicari S. 2024. Body, Image, And Digital Technology In Adolescence And Contemporary Youth Culture. Front Psychol. 15:1445098
Falcon-Linares, C., Gonzalez Yubero, S., Mauri-Medrano, M., & Cardoso-Moreno, M. J. 2023. Impact of Social Media on Adolescence: Mapping Emerging Needs to Build Resilient Skills. Societies, 13(11): 238.
Al-Ghazali. 2005. Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din. Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah.
Guest, Greg & Macqueen, Kathleen & Namey, Emily. 2011. Applied Thematic Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Hashim, R., & Langgulung, H. 2008. Islamic religious curriculum in Muslim countries: The experiences of Indonesia and Malaysia. Bulletin of Education & Research, 30(1): 1–19.
Hashim, R., & Yusof, M. S. 2021. Parental Role Modelling in Children’s Digital Ethics: An Islamic View. Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture, 9(1): 44–58.
Ismail, N., & Mat Nor, M. R. 2020. Parenting Challenges in the Digital Era: An Islamic Perspective. Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture, 8(1): 17–25.
Khan, H., Farooq, M. U., & Khan, A. 2020. Ethical self-regulation: Islamic perspective of digital ethics. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 36(1): 55–70.
Li Alamin, Muhammad Nafi 2022 Bimbingan Parenting Islami untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini : Analisi tematik isi kitab Tarbiyatul Aulad Fil Islam Karangan Dr. Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan. Tesis Sarjana. UIN Sunan Gunung Djati.
Livingstone, S., & Byrne, J. 2018. Parenting in the digital age: The challenges of parental responsibility in comparative perspective. Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy, 34(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2018.1425120
Livingstone, S., Davidson, J., & Bryce, J. 2019. Children’s Online Activities and Safety. OECD Publishing.
MHD Harmidi HRP, Tengku Sarina Aini Tengku Kasim, & Ahmad Yussuf. 2022. Analisis Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Kitab Mau’izhatul Mu’minin Min Ihya’ ‘Ulumuddin. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(4): e001452. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i4.1452
Mohd Roslan, M., Jamil, H., & Ahmad, N. 2022. Islamic Parenting in the Digital Age: Challenges and Recommendations. Journal of Islamic Educational Research, 5(2): 45–62.
Nasir, M. & Abdul Rahman, S. 2020. Integrating Classical Islamic Thought in Modern Parenting Practices: A Study of Al-Ghazali and Ulwan. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 10(2): 78–94.
Nik Azis, N. M., Zulkefli, N. A. M., & Rahim, S. A. 2020. Digital parenting styles and children’s screen time during COVID-19 lockdown in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(6): 138–148. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i6/7274
Norizan Abdul Razak & Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor. 2021. Parenting in the Age of Digital Media: Contemporary Challenges and Islamic Solutions. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(2): 189–207.
Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. 2017. Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal Of Qualitative Methods, 16(1): 1609406917733847.
Purnama, S. 2018. Abdullah Nashih ‘Ulwan’s Technological Contribution toward the Development of Islamic Early Childhood Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1): 47–77. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2018.71.47-77
Rosnani Hashim. 2014. Rethinking Islamic Education in the Modern World. Islamic Quarterly, 58(2): 126–144.
Saada, N., & Mustapha, R. 2020. Al-Ghazali’s Ethical Framework in Contemporary Islamic Education. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 10(1): 35–50. Q2.
Salaeh, A., Saha, N., Khair, N., Djabir, D. & Hamed, P. 2023. Character Education Concepts in Ihya’ Ulumuddin. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education, 5(2): 231–241.
SB. Fitriyah & MNR. Maksum, 2023. Islamic Parenting Challenges and Strategies in the Digital Era: Modern Islamic Parenting and School of Parenting. Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science Technology and Humanity), pg: 2061-2067. https://doi.org/10.23917/iseth.4624
Al-Shammari, M., Ahmad, M., & Alqahtani, H. 2021. Integrating Family and Islamic Values in Digital Education. Journal of Family Studies in Islamic Contexts, 8(3): 77–92.
Sztompka, P. 2000. Cultural Trauma: The Other Face of Social Change. European Journal of Social Theory, 3(4): 449–466.
Tamirih, T., Rusydi, R., Nurlaeliyah, N., & Himmawan, D. 2023. Metode Pendidikan Anak Dalam Islam Menurut Abdullah Nashih ’Ulwan Dalam Kitab Tarbiyyat al-Awlad Fi al-Islam. Journal Islamic Pedagogia, 3(2): 196–204.
Tomlinson, J. 2003. Globalization and Cultural Identity. In Held & McGrew (Eds.), The Global Transformations Reader.
Ulwan, A. N. 1992. Tarbiyat al-Awlad fi al-Islam. Beirut: Dar al-Salam.
Van Dijck, J. 2013. The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media.
Wang, Q., & Yao, N. 2025. Understanding the impact of technology usage at work on academics’ psychological well-being: a perspective of technostress. BMC psychology, 13(1): 130.
Yusof, H., Rahman, M., & Salleh, N. 2020. Abdullah Nasih Ulwan’s Contributions to Islamic Parenting Education. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(5): 91–103.
Zainal, N. R., & Khalid, M. S. 2020. Thematic Analysis of the Ethical Values in Islamic Texts: A Study on Al-Ghazali’s Ihya Ulumuddin. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 10(2): 45–60.
Zulaiha, S., Nasir, M., & Hidayatullah, M. S. 2022. Islamic Parenting in the Face of Digital Media: A Case Study in Indonesian Muslim Families. Journal of Islamic Educational Studies, 30(2): 75–88.