KAJIAN SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR) TENTANG FAKTOR MEMPENGARUHI KESEDARAN DAN CARA MENGATASI ISU ETIKA DIGITAL (2018-2022) [A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR) ON FACTORS AFFECTING AWARENESS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME DIGITAL ETHICS ISSUES (2018-2022)]
Keywords:
etika digital, kewarganegaraan digital, systematic literature review (SLR), tahap kesedaran, cara mengatasi, digital ethics, digital citizenship, systematic literature review (SLR), awareness level, overcoming digital misconductAbstract
Abstrak: Etika digital merupakan salah satu komponen dalam Kewarganegaraan Digital (Digital Citizenship). Proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran digital tanpa menekankan elemen etika digital akan membuatkan para pelajar dan juga guru terdedah kepada jenayah dan ancaman siber seperti buli siber, pornografi, plagiarisme, penipuan siber, cyber stalking dan bermacam-macam lagi jenayah siber. Banyak kajian menilai tahap kompetensi digital telah dijalankan namun hanya segelintir pengkaji yang telah menjalankan tinjauan literatur sistematik terhadap komponen etika digital. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan tinjauan literatur sistematik tentang isu-isu terhadap amalan etika digital dalam pendidikan. Proses penulisan kajian literatur sistematik ini dijalankan mengikut kaedah PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Kajian systematic literature review (SLR) ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan tiga pangkalan data iaitu Scopus, Web of Sciences (WoS) dan ERIC. Sebanyak 18 artikel telah dipilih daripada 87 bermula daripada tahun 2018 sehingga 2022 dengan mengambil kira pengecualian dan kriteria kemasukan. Dapatan kajian telah berhasil mengumpulkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi tahap kesedaran etika digital antaranya ialah masa penggunaan internet, latar belakang akademik dan faktor penglibatan ibu bapa dan ahli keluarga. Bagi cara mengatasi isu salah laku etika digital pula diwujudkan pelan intervensi dalam pendidikan serta penekanan terhadap kandungan kurikulum pembelajaran. Oleh yang demikian, dapatan kajian ini secara umumnya dapat membantu para pendidik untuk merancang tindakan yang sesuai bagi meningkatkan kesedaran pengetahuan dan juga kemahiran para pelajar terhadap amalan etika digital serta peningkatan usaha masyarakat menerapkan nilai murni dan moral bagi membentuk tingkah laku yang beretika dan lebih bertanggungjawab.
Abstract: Digital ethics is one of the components of Digital Citizenship. Digital teaching and learning without emphasis on digital ethics will expose students and teachers to cybercrimes and threats such as cyberbullying, pornography, plagiarism, cyber fraud, cyberstalking, and various other cybercrimes. Many studies that evaluate the level of digital competencies have been conducted, but only a few researchers have conducted a systematic literature review of the digital ethics components. This article aims to produce a systematic literature review on digital ethics practices in education. This systematic literature review is written according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). This systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using three databases, namely Scopus, Web of Sciences (WoS), and ERIC. 18 out of 87 articles were selected, which were from 2018 to 2022, taking into account exclusions and inclusion criteria. The findings successfully gathered several factors that influence digital ethics awareness, including the time spent using the internet, academic background, and parents and family involvement. To overcome digital ethical misconduct, an intervention plan was created in education as well as an emphasis on the learning curriculum content. Therefore, this study generally helps educators to plan appropriate actions to increase students' awareness of knowledge and skills towards digital ethical practices as well as increase the community's efforts to apply values to form ethical and responsible behavior.
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