PENDANAAN AWAM ISLAMIK SEBAGAI SUMBER KEWANGAN ALTERNATIF UNTUK KELESTARIAN TAPAK WARISAN SEJARAH DI MALAYSIA [ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUND FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF HISTORICAL HERITAGE SITES IN MALAYSIA]

Abstract

Abstrak: Kertas kerja ini bertujuan mengenal pasti potensi pendanaan awam Islamik sebagai dana alternatif dalam membantu usaha pemuliharaan dan pemeliharaan tapak warisan sejarah di Malaysia. Konotasi warisan umumnya difahami sebagai ‘peninggalan’ atau sesuatu yang boleh diwarisi secara turun menurun. Ini termasuklah tapak peninggalan sejarah. Di Malaysia sesetengah tapak warisan dijaga dengan baik seperti bangunan lama, makam, kuil, monumen, fosil dan artifak memandangkan semua ini berpotensi memberi pulangan keuntungan kepada kerajaan menerusi sektor pelancongan. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat beberapa kekangan dalam melestarikan tapak warisan ini, termasuklah peruntukan dana. Kesannya, sesetengah tapak warisan yang sepatutnya dipelihara kelihatan terabai dan terbiar. Oleh itu, kajian ini mengetengahkan pendanaan awam Islamik sebagai dana alternatif untuk kelestarian tapak warisan sejarah. Pendanaan awam telah terbukti berjaya dalam hal ini seperti yang diamalkan di kebanyakan negara Eropah. Dengan mengaplikasikan metode kualitatif, dapatan kajian mendapati pendanaan awam Islamik berpotensi sebagai dana alternatif dalam membantu usaha pemuliharaan dan pemeliharaan tapak warisan tanah air. Dana tersebut termasuklah infaq, sedekah dan wakaf. Walaupun kajian ini bersifat ekplorasi, ia diharap mampu menjadi pencetus terhadap usaha memelihara dan memulihara tapak warisan menerusi konsep dana awam yang turut sama bertujuan menyemai sikap bertanggungjawab dalam kalangan masyarakat terhadap warisan sejarah negara.

Abstract: This paper aims to identify the potential of Islamic crowdfunding as an alternative fund in supporting the conservation and preservation of historical heritage sites in Malaysia. The connotation of heritage is generally understood as a relic or something that can be inherited to descendence. This includes historical sites. In Malaysia, some heritage sites are well maintained such as old buildings, tombs, temples, monuments, fossils and artifacts as all of them have the potential to provide a profit return to the government through the tourism sector. However, there are some constraints in heritage conservation including the allocation of funds. As a result, some heritage sites that should have been preserved seem to be neglected and abandoned. Therefore, this study highlights Islamic crowdfunding as an alternative fund for the sustainability of heritage sites. Crowdfunding has proven its success as practiced in most European countries. By applying qualitative methods, the findings of the study found that Islamic crowdfunding has the potential as an alternative fund in supporting the conservation and preservation of heritage sites in this country. This funds could be infaq, sadaqah and waqf. Despite this study is exploratory, it is hoped that it can trigger an effort to preserve and conserve heritage sites through the concept of public funds which also aims to spread a spirit of responsiblity among the community towards the country's heritage.