PENGARUH AGEN SOSIAL TERHADAP AMALAN KEROHANIAN ISLAM DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR MUSLIM POLITEKNIK MALAYSIA [THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON THE APPRECIATION OF SPIRITUAL PRACTICES AMONG MUSLIM MALAYSIANS POLYTECHNIC STUDENTS]

Abstract

Abstrak: Amalan kerohanian dalam kalangan pelajar memperlihatkan kelemahan penghayatan yang agak ketara. Sebahagian besar mengambil mudah terhadap pelaksanaan dalam kehidupan seharian menyebabkan jati diri sebagai peribadi muslim semakin luntur. Fenomena ini menyebabkan mereka mudah terjebak kepada anasir yang tidak sihat sehingga melanggar batasan agama. Kajian ini bertujuan melihat tahap penghayatan amalan kerohanian pelajar muslim Politeknik Malaysia. Selain itu kajian juga ingin menentukan pengaruh ibu bapa, rakan sebaya, institusi dan media massa serta perbezaannya berdasarkan faktor demografi, hubungan dan sumbangannya terhadap penghayatan amalan kerohanian. Kajian kuantitatif deskriptif dan inferensi ini menggunakan rekabentuk tinjauan melalui soal selidik yang dibangunkan sendiri dan mendapat pengesahan sekumpulan pakar dengan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi dengan nilai cronbach alpha 0.940 dalam kajian rintis.. Seramai 716 orang telah terpilih sebagai sampel kajian dengan menggunakan kaedah rawak berstrata. Data telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS 20 dan AMOS 20. Ujian Perbandingan Min, Analisis Korelasi, Regresi Pelbagai dan Model Persamaan Berstruktur (SEM) telah digunakan untuk menguji persoalan kajian. Untuk itu satu model hubungan antara pemboleh ubah kajian telah dibina. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap penghayatan amalan kerohanian pelajar Politeknik Malaysia adalah sederhana tinggi. Tahap pengaruh ibu bapa adalah tinggi. Pengaruh rakan sebaya, institusi dan media massa masing-masing mencatatkan keputusan sederhana tinggi. Terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam penghayatan amalan kerohanian berdasarkan jantina dan zon pengajian. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara pengaruh ibu bapa, rakan sebaya, institusi, media massa dengan penghayatan amalan kerohanian pelajar. Secara keseluruhannya dapatan ini menunjukkan bahawa pengaruh ibu bapa, rakan sebaya, institusi dan media massa banyak menyumbang dan memberi kesan yang besar kepada penghayatan amalan kerohanian pelajar muslim Politeknik Malaysia. Dapatan dalam kajian ini boleh digunakan sebagai rujukan dalam meningkatkan tahap penghayatan amalan kerohanian. Kualiti institusi kekeluargaan, hubungan persahabatan, pemerkasaan institusi pendidikan dan kelestarian media massa perlu diperkasakan bagi menjamin kelestarian pembangunan ummah dan negara.

Abstract: The appreciation of spiritual practices shown the weakness among the Muslim student. Most of them take it easy against implementation in daily life so can cause the identity as a Muslim faded. This phenomenon causes them to be easily stuck to unhealthy elements that violate religious boundaries. This research aimed to identify the student’s level of appreciating spiritual practices. this study also wants to determine the influence of parents, peers, institutions and mass media and their differences based on demographic factors, relations as well as contributions when appreciating spiritual practices. This quantitative descriptive and inferential study uses the survey designs through self-developed questionnaires and is certified by a group of high reliability listening experts with the value of cronbach alpha 0.940 in pilot test. Data were collected from a group of subjects using questionnaires. The randomly stratified sampling method was used to obtain 716 students as samples for this study. The data were analysed using SPSS 20 and AMOS 20 software. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained through exploratory factor analysis test (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis test (CFA). Comparison of mean, correlation analysis, multiple regression, and Structural Equation Model (SEM) were used to test the research questions. For that one model of the relationship between the research variables was built. The findings showed that the student’s level of appreciation of spiritual practices was moderately high. The level of parent’s influence is high. Peer influence, institutions and mass media recorded moderate highs. There was a significant difference between genders and study zone, meanwhile there was no significant different due to year of the study, SPM background and boarding during the period of study. The finding also shows a positive and significant relationship between parent’s influence, peer, institutions, and mass media with the appreciation of the student’s spiritual practice. These findings show that the influence of parents, peers, institutions, and mass media contributes greatly to the appreciation of the spiritual practice of Muslim Malaysian polytechnic students. The findings in this study can be used as a reference in raising the level of appreciation of spiritual practice and curbing negative behavior among students. The quality of family institutions, friendships, empowerment of educational institutions and the preservation of the mass media can have a huge impact on the development of ummah and the nation.